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City description & Facts: Ljubljana, Slovenia
Emona housed 5,000–6,000 inhabitants and played an important role during numerous battles. Its plastered brick houses, painted in different colours, were already connected to a drainage system. In the 6th century, the ancestors of the Slovenes moved in. In the 9th century, the Slovenes fell under Frankish domination, while experiencing frequent Magyar raids. The name of the city, Luwigana, appears for the first time in a document from 1144. In the 13th century, the town was composed of three zones: the Old Square (Stari trg), the Town Square (Mestni trg) and the New Square (Novi trg). In 1220, Ljubljana was granted city rights, including the right to coin its own money. In 1270, Carniola and in particular Ljubljana was conquered by King Ottokar II of Bohemia. When he was in turn defeated by Rudolph of Habsburg, the latter took the town in 1278. Renamed Laibach, it would belong to the House of Habsburg until 1797. The Diocese of Ljubljana was established in 1461 and the Church of St. Nicholas became a cathedral.
Ljubljana thus became the undisputed centre of Slovene culture, a position maintained thereafter. In 1597, the Jesuits arrived in the city and established a new secondary school that later became a college. Baroque architecture appeared at the end of the 17th century as foreign architects and sculptors came in. The Napoleonic interlude saw Ljubljana as "Laybach" become, from 1809 to 1813, the capital of the Illyrian Provinces. In 1815, the city became Austrian again and from 1816 to 1849 was the administrative centre of the Kingdom of Illyria in the Austrian Empire. In 1821 it hosted the Congress of Laibach, which fixed European political borders for years to come. The first train arrived in 1849 from Vienna and in 1857 the line was extended to Trieste. Public electric lighting appeared in 1898. In 1895, Ljubljana, then a city of 31,000, suffered a serious earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. Some 10% of its 1,400 buildings were destroyed, although casualties were light. During the reconstruction that followed, a number of quarters were rebuilt in Art Nouveau style. In 1918, following the end of World War I and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, the region joined the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In 1929, Ljubljana became the capital of Drava Banovina, a Yugoslav province. In 1941, during World War II, Fascist Italy occupied the city, and on 3 May 1941 made "Lubiana" the capital of the now Italian "Provincia di Lubiana" with the former Yugoslav general Leon Rupnik as mayor. After the Italian capitulation, Nazi Germany with SS-general Erwin Roesener and Friedrich Rainer took control in 1943 but formally the city remained the capital of an Italian province until 9 May 1945. In Ljubljana, the occupying forces established strongholds and command centres of Quisling organisations, the Anti-Communist Volunteer Militia under Italy and the Home Guard under German occupation. The city was surrounded by over 30 kilometres (19 mi) of barbed wire to prevent co-operation between the underground resistance movement (Liberation Front of the Slovenian People) within the city and the Yugoslav Partisans (Partizani) who operated outside the fence. Since 1985, a commemorative path has ringed the city where this iron fence once stood. After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, part of Communist Yugoslavia, a status it retained until 1991, when Slovenia became independent. Ljubljana remained the capital of Slovenia, which entered the European Union in 2004. Source: Wiki travel |
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Breaking News :: Ljubljana, Slovenia Europe ::
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Book in Fashion Deadline: 1 February 2010 BOOK IN FASHION International Design Competition Ljubljana, Slovenia 27 May 2010 In 2010 News Tags: book, fashion |
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48 Hours in: Ljubljana Ljubljana is cheap, accessible, and ignored by mass tourism. There is plenty going on in the summer including a News Tags: , hours, in, ljubljana |
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Exploring the beloved Exploring the beloved Ljubljana cheaper, friendlier, less crowded than other grand European capitals By JOANN ALBERSTAT News Tags: exploring, beloved |
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Slovenia's Kresal predicts visa-free travel by year's end LJUBLJANA, Slovenia -- Interior Minister Katarina Kresal said on Wednesday that the EU will most likely abolish News Tags: slovenias, kresal, predicts, visafree, travel, years, end |
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STA: Zbogar Reiterates Slovenia's Support for Turkey's EU Membership "Zbogar Reiterates Slovenia's Support for Turkey's EU Membership Ljubljana, 29 August - Foreign Minister Samuel News Tags: sta, zbogar, reiterates, slovenias, support, turkeys, eu, membership |
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STA: Turkish Foreign Minister Expected in Slovenia STA: Turkish Foreign Minister Expected in Slovenia "Turkish Foreign Minister Expected in Slovenia Ljubljana, 28 News Tags: sta, turkish, foreign, minister, expected, slovenia |
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Chinese vice premier meets with Slovenian leaders Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu continued his official visit in Ljubljana on Thursday, meeting with Slovenian News Tags: chinese, vice, premier, meets, slovenian, leaders |
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Clarkson President Named Honorary Senator of Slovenia's University of Ljubljana Strengthening another international partnership, Clarkson University President Tony Collins was recently named News Tags: clarkson, president, named, honorary, senator, slovenias, university, ljubljana |